What is the formula to calculate line of sight range between two different altitudes?

The formula to calculate the line of sight range between two different altitudes is derived from the geometric consideration of the Earth’s curvature and the heights of the two points above the ground. The correct formula, which is represented by the first option, helps determine the maximum line of sight distance, taking into account the heights of both the transmitting and receiving antennas.

Using the formula 1.23 x √(height(TX)) + √(height(RX)), the factor of 1.23 is a constant that converts the heights, expressed in feet, into miles, thereby giving the range in miles. The square root function represents how the line of sight distance increases with the height of the antennas, indicating that taller antennas have a significantly greater range of visibility.

This formula is especially useful in telecommunications, radio transmission, and other applications where understanding the effective range over which signals can be received is critical. The heights of both the transmitter and receiver play a crucial role, as they directly influence the distance. Thus, understanding the relationship between altitude and visibility through this formula is essential for proper planning and implementation of communication systems.